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MSS 81-5

Committee on Sexual Assault Reform [COSAR] Files on Criminal Sexual Assault Legislation

Overview

This collection of working files of COSAR members Betty Ardus and Ann Washauer contains minutes, correspondence, drafts of legislation, mass mailing materials, news-clippings and printed materials.

Dates
1976-1981 [Inclusive]
Extents
5.7 Cubic Feet (14 archival boxes)

Scope & Contents

This collection contains the papers of COSAR (Committee on Sexual Assault Reform), a coalition of women's activist organizations instrumental in pressing for reform of Viginia's sexual assault legislation. COSAR met throughout 1976 and 1977, drafting a propsed bill which eventually became the basis for Virginia's 1981 sexual assault law. This record contains minutes of COSAR meetings, drafts of COSAR's proposed bill, mass mailing materials, and clippings relating to the activities of the organization.

For more documentation of COSAR's work as well as the later work of some of its members, see: The Papers of H. Lane Kneedler: Legislative History of Virginia's Criminal Assault Law, 1977 - 1981 [COSAR], MSS 81-1 and The Joseph V. Gartlan, Jr. Files Concerning Criminal Sexual Assault Legislation, MSS 81-3.

Collection Description

  •  
    Biographical / Historical

    In 1976 the General Assembly appointed the State Crime Commission, which in turn established the Advisory Task Force to Study Criminal Sexual Assault. The Task Force met for the first time 18 October 1976, and five committees were charged with studying the crime, its impact, prevention, and punishment. Lane Kneedler was appointed to the Court Process Committee which later merged with the Legislation Committee as the drafting of the bill began; the other committees were Treatment, Rehabilitation and Punishment; Law Enforcement; and Public Education. All the committees carried out research and held public hearings before making recommendations.

    The Virginia Committee on Sexual Assault Reform (COSAR), a citizens' interest group, had formed at approximately the same time the Crime Commission was getting started, and its leaders were appointed to most of these committees. In May 1977, COSAR presented a proposed criminal sexual assault reform bill to the Legislation Committee. By late fall of that year, Kneedler and his research assistants made recommendations to the merged committees on the proposed bill, which in January 1978 became S. B. 291. Introduced by Senator Stanley Walker, it passed the Senate by a vote of 32-6. S. B. 291 then went before the House Courts of Justice Committee, where it was amended; in the 1979 session the bill passed the House by a vote of 77-21, but the Senate rejected a conference committee report on it. Consequently, S. B. 291, sponsored in 1979 by Senator Joseph Gartlan, died with the close of the session

    Task Force members and additional legislators revised the bill in the summer and fall of 1979. The resulting S. B. 258, sponsored by Senator Frederick Boucher, was diligently studied by the Senate Courts of Justice Committee in early 1980. On 18 February, the bill carried the committee, 11-4, and passed the Senate the same day by a 31-9 vote. The House Courts of Justice Committee, however, voted to carry the bill over to the 1981 session.

    A special committee to study S. B. 258 was appointed in June of 1980, but this committee did not work on the bill. Task Force members and representatives of the Virginia Association of Commonwealth's Attorneys (VACA), the principal opponents of the bill, constructed a compromise version of it. The Task Force members were Senators Boucher and Gartlan, Ann Warshauer of COSAR, and Lane Kneedler; VACA was represented by William Person and Daniel Chichester, President and Past-President, respectively, and by Robert Horan, Chairman of the Legislation Committee

    The compromise version of S. B. 258 passed the House Courts of Justice Committee with an amendment to the evidence section by Delegate Robrecht. Before the House that amendment was defeated and replaced by a more specific one sponsored by Delegate Theodore Morrison; the deletion of the section on spousal rape was the only other change to the compromise bill. S. B. 258 passed the House by a vote of 98-1 on 28 January. At this point VACA withdrew its support of the bill because of the Morrison amendment, but the group did not fight its passage in the Senate. S. B. 258 was signed into law by Governor John Dalton in March 1981, and went into effect on the first of July.

  •  
    Immediate Source of Acquisition

    These files were donated to the Archives in October of 1981 by Betty Ardus and Ann Warshauer, active members of COSAR.

    In 2021 Anne Washauer donated another 13 boxes of documents related to COSAR.

  •  
    Materials Specific Details

    This collection is housed at Ivy Stacks, an off-site storage facility. Contact Law Special Collections to request these records for review at the Law Library: archives@law.virginia.edu

fileMinutes, drafts, memos and other organizational material, 1976-01 1976-09
seriesCOSAR -Committee on Sexual Assault, 1976-1981
fileMinutes, drafts and other organizational materials, 1976-01 to 1976-09MSS 81-5 Box 1
fileMinutes, drafts, memos and other organizational material, 1976-09 to 1978-02MSS 81-5 Box 1
fileMass mailing materials, 1977-1981MSS 81-5 Box 1
fileNews-clippings, 1977-1981MSS 81-5 Box 1
fileMinutes, drafts, memos and other organizational material, 1976-09 1978-02
seriesAddendum to COSAR - Committee on Sexual Assault Reform, 1974 - 1981
fileVirginia Revised Code – Copies of Sections Relevant to COSAR studyMSS 81-5 Box 10
fileLaw [Preliminary Documents] – notes, correspondence, proposals for revision of the rape statute in Virginia, news releases, news clippings from local Northern Virginia and Maryland newspapers re rape. Included: Government of the District of Columbia CommiMSS 81-5 Box 2
fileVirginia Law Weekly DICTA articles. Hippchen, Leonard J.: “ The Criminal Justice System. The Biochemistry of Criminal Behavior,” VLW vol. 30, no. 1, September 1977; Hague, James L.: “The Criminal Justice System. Issues In Reform of Criminal Law On Rape,” MSS 81-5 Box 10
fileCOSAR Miscellaneous Documents, 1975-1977 [2 folders], 1975 - 1981MSS 81-5 Box 2
itemA Bill To Amend and reenact sections 18.1-44 to amend, of the Code of Virginia and to add a new section, numbered 18.1-44-1, defining the crime of rape and providing for penalties for the commission thereof,” [undated]
itemSummary testimony of C. A. is and letters (C.A. Judges, Def. Att)
itemCommonwealth of Virginia, County of Fairfax Memorandum re “Use of Polygraph on Victims in Rape Investigations – Sexual Assault Committee. 1974-06-05. Also correspondence re payment for medical examinations of rape victims, 1975-08 25
itemPublic Hearing on Rape Law Reform. Testimony of Dr. Simon Auster, 1975-11-17
itemSexual Assault Legislation Proposed Reform of Michigan’s 117 Year Old Rape Law
itemUrban area, 1975: “case became a feature story in the Washington Post.”
item“In Defense for Ourselves – A Rape Prevention Handbook for Women,” notes
itemHouse Bill No. 1342. Offered January 16, 1975. A Bill to Amend the Code of Virginia adding sections numbered 18/1-47.1 through 18.1-47.12, to repeal §§ 18.1-44 through 18.1-47, as severally amended, of the Code of Virginia, the added and repealed sections
item“What is …. Criminal Sexual Assault,” signed Betty, undated
item“Various COSAR attempts to introduction to our bill – never settled,” undated
item“We are concerned with the victims of sexual assault,” COSAR, October 1976
itemStatement of Pamela S. Couch, Chairwoman, Fairfax County Commission on Women Before the House Rules Committee, Richmond, Virginia, 1976-02-21
itemRevised Copy of Definition as of VCOSAR Committee Meeting, 1976-04-19
itemMemorandum from John Vinson to Lane Kneedler re Initial findings, Rape Shield Laws project, 1976-11-23
item“Evaluations,” “Roomates,” “Dialogue,” undated
itemMemorandum re “Prior Sexual History: State Statute Reform on the Admissibility of Evidence, 1976-05-12
itemVirginia Committee on Sexual Assault Reform Proposed Comprehensive Bill, 1977, 01-22
item“An attempt at a lay introduction to COSAR Bill,” 1977-04-27
itemUniform Crime Report Total Return of Offenses Known to the Police (January - December 1976 and January – December 1977)
item“This is Virginia Justice?,” Virginia COSAR, 1980-01
item“Sexual Assault: Problems with current Virginia Code which can be addressed legislatively,” 1980-05-21
itemGroups and Organizations Endorsing Senate Bill 291,” undated
itemAverage Sentences of Felons Committed for Sexual Assault Offenses,” 1977
itemLD0033 A Bill to Amend the Code of Virginia by adding a Chapter 4 of Title 18.2 an Article, numbered 7.1, containing sections numbered 18.2-70.1 through 18.2 -70.18, relating to criminal sexual conduct …., 1977
itemVirginia Women Answer Sexual Assault Questionnaire, Virginia COSAR, July 1977
itemSome suggestions for modifying the Virginia Code: Evidence Collections and Medically-Related Reforms. Charlottesville, undated
itemVirginia Committee on Sexual Assault Reform (Virginia COSAR) Membership Listing, September 1978
itemCriminal Assault Fact Sheet, 1978-09
itemHague, James L.: Rape Law Reform Fact Sheet - 1980
itemCode of Virginia Excerpts related to Sexual Assault, undated
itemSummary of the Six Public Hearings of the Advisory Task Force to Study Sexual Assault, undated
itemA Summary of the Essentials of Michigan’s Rape Law, undated
item“Study Confirms Odds on Being Convicted for Rape Are Very Low,” Crime Control Digest, 1978-08-14
itemCriminal Sexual Assault Fact Sheet, 1978 -09
itemVirginia Committee on Sexual Assault Reform (Virginia COSAR) Criminal Assault Legislation. The Proposed Law, undated
itemVirginia House Recorded Votes on S.B. 291, 1979
itemVirginia General Assembly (1980)
fileFliers: [Alexandria] Rape Victim Companion Program: “Rape. Scream ‘Fire’ not ‘Rape’”; Virginia Committee on Sexual Assault Reform (Virginia COSAR) Criminal Assault Legislation. The Proposed Law, undated; sticker: Gartlan, State Senate; Virginia LegislativMSS 81-5 Box 10
file[H. R. 14666 A Bill to Amend the Federal Rules for Evidence to Provide for the Protection of Privacy of Rape Victims, 94th Congress, July 1976]. Correspondence sent by Elizabeth Holtzman; press release; witness list; Opening Statement by Rep. Elizabeth HoMSS 81-5 Box 2
fileFairfax County Commission on Women – Northern Virginia and Metro Area Rape Material, 1976MSS 81-5 Box 2
item“Privacy of Rape Victims.” Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice of the Committee on the Judiciary. House of Representatives 94th Cong., 2nd. Session on H. R. 14666 and Other Bills to Amend the Federal Rules of Evidence to Provide for the PrMSS 81-5 Box 10
fileVCOSAR [Virginia COSAR – Monthly minutes of meetings of groups in Richmond, Charlottesville, Tidewater and Northern Virginia. Also agenda, chart, reports, notes, 1976 - 1980MSS 81-5 Box 2
itemServices to Youthful Offenders. Revision of the Juvenile Code. Report of the Virginia Advisory Legislative Council to Governor and The General Assembly of Virginia. Senate Document No. 19. Richmond, Commonwealth of Virginia, 1976MSS 81-5 Box 10
fileMiscellaneous documents re sexual assault reform. [Ann Warshauer files] (2 folders). Includes: “Rape Law Reform. A Report on the Public Hearing with the Recommendations for Actions to be Taken within Fairfax County.” Also memoranda, background materials, MSS 81-5 Box 3
item1974 Annual Report of the Virginia State Crime CommissionMSS 81-5 Box 10
fileCorrespondence, memoranda, reports, documents re Commission Task Force to Study Criminal Sexual Assault, 1976 – 1981 (2 folders). [Betty Ardus files]. Contain correspondence with members of the task force and members of the Joint Committee to work on VirgMSS 81-5 Box 3
item1976 Annual Report of the Virginia State Crime CommissionMSS 81-5 Box 10
file[COSAR Bill] – Memorandum of Boulden Griffith to Virginia State Crime Commission Task Force on Criminal Assault re: Proposed Virginia Criminal Assault Statute §18.2-70.12 – Proposed Rules Governing the Admissibility of Evidence of Victim’s Past Sexual ConMSS 81-5 Box 3
item1977 Annual Report of the Virginia State Crime CommissionMSS 81-5 Box 10
fileCOSAR – [Virginia] S.B. 291 General Assembly. Working papers that include extensive documentation, memoranda, some correspondence, cases, news-clippings, notes (folders 1-2), 1977 - 1979MSS 81-5 Box 3
itemWomen’s Rights Law Reporter. A Rutgers University Law School Publication, Spring 1978, vol. 4, no. 3MSS 81-5 Box 10
itemCrater, Flora; Brickey, Carolyn and Meg Williams: The Almanac of Virginia Politics 1977. The State Senators and Delegates – their records and districts. Charlottesville, Virginia, A Woman Activist Book, Papercraft, Inc., [1977]MSS 81-5 Box 10
fileCOSAR – [Virginia] S.B. 291 General Assembly. Working papers that include extensive documentation, memoranda, some correspondence, cases, news-clippings, notes (folder 3), 1977 - 1979MSS 81-5 Box 4
itemVirginia Legislative Directory 1977, 1980, 1981MSS 81-5 Box 10
fileCOSAR – memoranda, correspondence, drafts of bills, news-clippings (2 folders), 1979 - 1980MSS 81-5 Box 4
fileCOSAR – mailing lists, 1979 - 1980MSS 81-5 Box 4
fileVirginia [Research Materials] – Code of Virginia photocopies of sectionsMSS 81-5 Box 10
fileCOSAR – mailouts, 1979 - 1981MSS 81-5 Box 4
fileCrothers, Nancy: “Rape Law in Virginia: Women and Policy Making at the State Level,” – [paper[?], Women and Public Policy, 1981-08-19MSS 81-5 Box 5
fileLeg [sic] – news-clippings from local and national newspapers (7 folders), 1975 - 1981MSS 81-5 Box 5
fileThe Blue Lantern, A New Woman’s Journal. Charlottesville, VA, vols. 1, 3, 1977MSS 81-5 Box 5
fileS. B. 258 Criminal Sexual Assault – list of speakers in support, endorsements for the Crime Commission’s Task Force; Summary of Senate Bill 258; Materials Presented to the Courts of Justice of the House of Delegates for the Public Hearing on SB 258, 1980-MSS 81-5 Box 5
fileNational League of Cities, United States Conference of Mayors: Rape. 2nd printing, November 1974MSS 81-5 Box 6
fileRape in Marriage – National Center on Women and Family Law: Marital Rape Exemption, undated; “Rape in Marriage. Is it Legal?,” Feminist Alliance Against Rape Newsletter, July/August 1976; news-clippings, 1977 - 1978MSS 81-5 Box 6
fileRape – Medical Protocols for Medical Exam (3 folders). Files include policies, guidelines, instructions, articles, notes, forms, questionnaires. Turner, Janne and Norman A. Harding: Rape. Medical and Legal Information for Richmond, December 1979; VirginiaMSS 81-5 Box 6
fileRape – Treatment of Rape Victims in the Metropolitan Washington Area – draft and published material, 1976MSS 81-5 Box 6
fileRegistered Sex Offender Information - Report of the Subcommittee to Study Sentencing for Virginia State Crime Commission, May 1977, 1977 - 1979MSS 81-5 Box 6
file[Rules of Evidence in Rape Cases] – Statement by President Jimmy Carter; Library of Congress Congressional Research Service: Fifty State Survey of Statutory Rules of Evidence in Rape Cases, 1977-10-25MSS 81-5 Box 6
fileSex Offenders Rehabilitation (3 folders) – Correspondence sent to Ann Warshauer re Sex Offender Rehabilitation Programs. Notes; testimonies; research materials; articles; papers; news-clippings. Includes: Jewett, M. Kathryn: “Sex Offenses in Virginia: A SMSS 81-5 Box 7
fileSex Offenders Rehabilitation – Virginia State Crime Commission Treatment Subcommittee minutes, correspondence, news-clippings. Draft Report: Treatment, Rehabilitation, and Punishment Committee. Report of the Virginia State Crime Commission to the GovernorMSS 81-5 Box 7
fileSex Offenses – Largen, Mary Ann: Sex Offense Statutes by State,” New Responses, Inc., 1978MSS 81-5 Box 7
fileSex Offense Statutes – Maryland, Michigan, North Carolina, [c. 1976]MSS 81-5 Box 7
fileSexual Assault of Children – research materials, 1977MSS 81-5 Box 8
fileSexual Assault Legislation – documents of the Legislation and Court Process Subcommittees. Minutes, research materials, memoranda, 1977MSS 81-5 Box 8
fileVirginia, County of Fairfax Public Hearing on Media Policy Affecting Rape Victims – [public hearing re editorial of the Northern Virginia Sun plan to publish names, age, and addresses of rape complainants], 1978MSS 81-5 Box 8
fileVirginia Department of Corrections Evaluation and Monitoring Unit: “The Sexually Aggressive Offender Component of the House of Thought Therapeutic Community, Powhatan Correctional Center. A Monitoring Report,” 1981-01MSS 81-5 Box 8
fileVirginia State Crime Commission Advisory Task Force [VACSATF] to Study Sexual Assault – Student research memoranda for proposed Virginia criminal sexual assault statutes, 1977 - 1978MSS 81-5 Box 8
fileVACSATF Public Hearings – includes notes taken at Charlottesville Public Hearing on Sexual Assault, 1976, 1978MSS 81-5 Box 8
fileVACSATF – meetings and public hearings (2 folders). Files include statements, agendas, minutes of meetings, resolutions, handwritten notes. Statement of Linda Golodner, Fairfax County Commission for Women, undated; VACSATF: “Background materials on SexualMSS 81-5 Box 9
fileVirginia State Crime Commission Criminal Sexual Assault Study – Answers to Court Process Law Enforcement Questionnaires, 1977MSS 81-5 Box 9
fileVirginia State Crime Commission Resolution, 1981-08-25MSS 81-5 Box 9
fileVirginia State Crime Commission – Criminal Assault Questionnaires for Law Enforcement Agencies, SurveysMSS 81-5 Box 9
fileVirginia State Crime Commission Subcommittee on Law Enforcement – minutes, drafts of recommendations, questionnaire, memoranda, 1976 - 1978MSS 81-5 Box 9
fileVirginia State Crime Commission Subcommittee on Court Process and Legislative Subcommittee – agenda, memoranda, report, correspondence, minutes, 1976 - 1977MSS 81-5 Box 9
fileVirginia State Crime Commission Subcommittee on Public Education – minutes, draft of report, report, 1976, 1978MSS 81-5 Box 9
fileVirginia State Crime Commission Subcommittee on Treatment, Rehabilitation and Punishment – minutes, reports, drafts, correspondence, memoranda, 1976 - 1978MSS 81-5 Box 10
fileTidewater Rape Information Services, Inc. [TRIS] – report, rehabilitation methods, “Crime prevention curriculum in kindergarten to 12th grade,”; other working documents, 1976, 1978MSS 81-5 Box 10
subseriesFairfax County Commission on the Status of Women, Alexandria Commission on the Status of Women Rape Victim Companion Program and miscellaneous files
fileAlexandria Commission on the Status of Women: Rape Victim Companion Program Manual and loose materials, undated, 1977 (2 folders), 1977MSS 85-1 Box 11
fileAlexandria Commission for Women – Rape Victim Companion Program Information Manual, 1977-02MSS 85-1 Box 11
fileAlexandria Commission for Women Rape Victim Companion Program – miscellaneous documents: Speakers Bureau Training Sessions, kits, lists, The Companion Post: June 1978, August 1978, October 1978, September 1982, 1978 - 1982MSS 85-1 Box 11
fileAlexandria Commission on the Status of Women Court Observer Program – “Sexism in Curriculum an Action Handbook Designed for Alexandria Elementary Schools, Prepared by The Alexandria Commission on the Status of Women, undated; “What Happens if this Man LeaMSS 85-1 Box 11
fileAlexandria Commission on the Status of Women – brochures related to prevention of violence against women, [1976-1978]MSS 85-1 Box 11
fileAlexandria Commission for Women Rape Victim Companion Program Honors Ann Washauer, 1975-1976; news-clippingsMSS 85-1 Box 11
fileCOSAR report: Legislation passed relating to sexual assault – effective July 1, 1982MSS 85-1 Box 11
fileFairfax County Commission on Women Court Observer Program: “The Courts and Sexual Assault, March 1982; Fairfax County Commission on Women Court Observer Program Executive Summary, March 1982; NOVA NOW, A Newsletter for the Northern Virginia Chapter of NOWMSS 85-1 Box 12
fileHandbook for The Court Observer Program miscellaneous documents – guidelines, correspondence, memoranda, forms, press releases, membership lists, Ann Washauer handwritten notes, news-clippings, 1976-1980 (2 folders)MSS 85-1 Box 12
fileHandbook for The Court Observer Program 1978-1979, Sponsored by the Fairfax County Commission for Women with the assistance of the Fairfax County Rape Crisis Program (2 folders), 1978 - 1979MSS 85-1 Box 12
fileCourt Observer Program – Trained Volunteers observing sexual assault trials [handwritten notes, forms]MSS 85-1 Box 12
fileFairfax County Incidence of Rape – fact sheets, memoranda, 1980 - 1981MSS 85-1 Box 12
fileJury instructions – Supreme Court of Virginia jury instructions re rape; Musterman, C. T. et al: “Multiple Lists for Juror Selection: A Case Study for San Diego Supreme Court,” National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice, May 1978; news- clMSS 85-1 Box 13
fileRape Victim Companion Program Jury Questionnaire – memoranda, handwritten notes; Center for Jury Studies Newsletter (1981-1982); A Handbook for Jurors. Prepared for the information of Jurors in the Circuit Courts of the Commonwealth by the Judicial CounciMSS 85-1 Box 13
fileNational Coalition Against Sexual Assault [NCASA] - memoranda; NCASA Statement for the Record Concerning the Omnibus Victims Protection Act of 1982; NCASA Guide to Preventive Health State Block Grants; NCASA Congressional Monitoring Project; NCASA StatemeMSS 85-1 Box 13
file1979 Rape Bill – correspondence and news clippingsMSS 85-1 Box 13
fileSexual Assault Speech Information – [Washauer notes and research]. Includes “A Medical Protocol for Treatment of Sexual Assault Victims,” Prepared by the Subcommittee on Treatment of Victims, Study of Criminal Sexual Assault Advisory Committee, Virginia SMSS 85-1 Box 13
fileSpousal Rape – correspondence, memoranda, research materials, news- clippings, 1984MSS 85-1 Box 13
fileVirginia Council on Social Welfare 79th Annual Conference – correspondence, notes, articles, 1980 - 1981MSS 85-1 Box 13
file[Virginia] Network – [Lists of women organizations in the State of Virginia], 1978 - 1980MSS 85-1 Box 13
fileVirginia State Crime Commission Sexual Assault Task Force – Rape Crisis Centers, 1977 - 1980MSS 85-1 Box 13
fileVirginia Physicians for Choice Mailing Lists, [1980-81]MSS 85-1 Box 13
fileVirginia State Crime Commission Sexual Assault Task Force miscellaneous documents. [Ann Washauer file] – Minutes of the Subcommittees, reports, bills, notes, brochures (2 folders), 1976 - 1980MSS 85-1 Box 14
fileVirginia Committee on Sexual Assault Reform (VACOSAR) – membership lists and some correspondence, 1977 - 1979MSS 85-1 Box 14
fileWashauer, Ann – Incoming correspondence from Virginia’s House of Delegates, Virginia’s Senate and women’s organizations, 1978 - 1979MSS 85-1 Box 14
fileNews-clippings, 1976 - 1980MSS 85-1 Box 14
fileKneedler, H. Lane: “Sexual Assault Law Reform in Virginia: an Overview,” and “Sexual Assault Law Reform in Virginia: A Legislative History,” drafts and original, 1982MSS 85-1 Box 14
subseriesPrinted Materials
item“Hospital Protocol for Treatment of Sexual Assault Victims,” Prepared by Virginia State Crime Commission, Criminal Sexual Assault Task Force, Subcommittee on Treatment, January 1979MSS 85-1 Box 14
itemWilliams, Kristen M.: The Prosecution of Sexual Assaults, Washington INSLAW Institute for Law and Social Research, December 1978MSS 85-1 Box 14
itemWomen’s Rights Law Reporter, A Rutgers Law School Publication. Vol. 3 nos. 3-4 1977; Vol. 6 no. 3 Spring 1980; Vol. 6 no. 3 Summer 1980MSS 85-1 Box 14
subseriesOther Files
fileMondale-Ferraro Campaign Brochures, 1984MSS 85-1 Box 14
filePhotograph - Alexandria Rape Victim Companion Program Members: Edyth Hearst, companion; Ann Washauer, Founder; Lori Cooper, Action Coordinator (undated), ca. 1977-1980
fileMass mailing materials, 1977-1981
fileClippings, 1977-1981
English